Colloquium diei: “Living in a bacterial world”
How much life can the Earth sustain? What limits this amount? How does life fluctuate with planetary events? What types of life survive mass extinctions? How and why do new species form? Microbes are the only form of life that have been around since the beginning 4 billion years ago, and they were the only form of life for 3 billion years. So how many are there? Where are they? What are they doing? This colloquium will address these questions and discuss how life has paralleled planetary events, such as the Great Oxygenation; the development of predation as a life strategy, and how life is a ‘zero sum game.’
This talk will be based on the paper “Prokaryotes: The unseen majority”.
It is suggested to the students to read the paper in advance and bring to the lecture with them.




(Israel), tendo desenvolvido o pós-doutorado na Universidade de Stanford (Estados Unidos) e liderado um grupo de pesquisa no Weizmann Institute of Science, sediado em Israel. Para saber mais sobre o especialista, clique
Discutiremos e daremos motivações de estudos para diversos tópicos como: Termodinâmica (do equilíbrio e fora deste); Reversibilidade X Irreversibilidade; Mecânica Estatística; desenvolvimento de um Método Estocástico; teoria de Sistemas Dinâmicos aplicada a Cinética Química, a padrões de Turing (biogêneses e diferenciação celular) e a quebra de simetria quiral; Mecânica Clássica de massas e de cargas; Mecânica Quântica de cargas. Nesse último caso mais especificamente, tentaremos mostrar como estudos envolvendo Mecânica (semi) Clássica poderiam ajudar na compreensão da Mecânica Quântica em algum dos seus fundamentos. Passaremos também por alguns trabalhos práticos como o estudo de: compostos com ligações de Lewis; grafenos baseados em diferentes estruturas moleculares; (foto)catálise entre outros sistemas. E ainda se der, revisitaremos o passado geológico para discutir peripécias paleontológicas e climáticas. Resumidamente, mostraremos como não fazer ciência hodierna e também como não ser um cientista exemplar.
A proposta do programa é reunir estudantes e cientistas interessados em discutir temas relevantes na física de partículas, cosmologia e astrofísica de partículas.
We consider a quantum spin chain (one-dimensional array of coupled spins) that is integrable and has quantum group symmetry Uq(sl(2)). The basic problem is to find a complete set of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian. We first review the case when q is generic. We then consider the case that q is a root of unity, for which several surprising new features appear. (Based on recent work with Azat Gainutdinov).
Recent advances in the synthesis and characterization of functional materials on the nanometer scale have allowed their exploration for applications in many fields, including biological and biomedical areas. Emerging inorganic nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, mesoporous silica/gold/supermagnetic nanoparticles, have been widely used in biomedical research with great optimism for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Research in our group focuses on the design, and synthesis of novel hybrid inorganic-organic materials for biomedical applications. In this seminar, I will discuss our recent research and also with collaboration with Dr. Bagnato’s Group on the development and application of hybrid silica-based nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy and drug delivery for cancer treatment.
In this seminar we will present an analog model for lightcone fluctuations based on nonlinear quantum optical systems that has been studied recently in the literature. The key ingredient in this model is that a fluctuating background electric field can change the phase velocity of a probe field coupled to this background through the nonlinearities of the medium. These works consider nonlinear materials having a second order electrical susceptibility, and the background electric field prepared in both the vacuum state and the squeezed vacuum state. Here we will present a suitable generalization of these results and consider materials having susceptibility up to third order. This is important if one wishes to perform measurements using centrosymmetric materials like silicon, in which the second order susceptibility vanishes. We will also consider the background field prepared in a more general coherent squeezed state. In order to study vacuum flutuations, we propose a faithful test function to perform the calculation in contrast with the Lorentzian distribution used before. We argue that with a more realistic test function, the vacuum contributions to the lightcone flutuations are up to 100 times greater than the ones found before.
Uma nova classe de modelos permite resolver o problema da hierarquia sem introduzir qualquer nova dinâmica perto da escala eletrofraca. Mostrarei como é possível que a evolução de um campo bem parecido com o axion da QCD pode levar a massa do Higgs para valores pequenos (quando comparados com o cut-off da teoria) ao mesmo tempo que se mantém natural (no sentido definido por ‘t Hooft).